Analysis of research on the effects of improved water, sanitation, and hygiene on the health of people living with HIV and AIDS and programmatic implications.

This paper reviews the existing scientific and programmatic evidence, raises WaSH issues in the HIV and AIDS context that need further study to build the evidence base, assesses current WaSH guidance through a review of National HIV/AIDS guidelines from five African countries, and identifies programmatic implications that home-based care programs and the WaSH sectors must consider. This paper is an adaptation and expansion of an early review written by Dr. Kate Tulenko of the World Bank / Water and Sanitation Programme. The expanded review incorporates new research findings and expands the scope of the review to include additional aspects of risk and benefit associated with hygiene, hand washing, feces management, safe water, and disposal of waste water.