Natural resources of Sri Lanka : conditions and trends

This profile provides a comprehensive view of Sri Lanka's natural resources which are showing evidence of increasing environmental stress. Higher energy demands, a fast growing population and increasing urbanization could easily result in severe degradation of presently still abundant resources. Governmental institutions will soon be faced with a multitude of recently acquired environmental problems which will require strict legislation to promote sustainable development. A history of traditional resource management practices demonstrates the awareness of the Sri Lankan people of the dangers of resource depletion. Each natural resource is discussed in detail, both in present and projected conditions, along with the relevant institutional responses and experiences. Sri Lanka's surface and groundwater resources are threatened by annual droughts and floods, which together with occasional cyclones and landslides exacerbate an increasing water pollution problem. Well water supplies most rural community needs, with only a small percentage relying on surface water sources. Rehabilitation of centuries-old irrigation systems and improvements in water management are becoming increasingly necessary. Suggestions are given for the promotion of economically viable resource renewal and prevention of pollution and degradation. References for further information are given at the end of each chapter.