This review considers methods and systems to protect water during storage, collection and use that improve microbial quality and thereby reduce pathogen exposure and risks of diarrheal and other waterborne diseases.
| Title | Managing water in the home : accelerated health gains from improved water supply |
| Publication Type | Miscellaneous |
| Year of Publication | 2002 |
| Authors | Sobsey, MD |
| Pagination | vii, 70 p. : 21 tab. |
| Date Published | 2002-07-01 |
| Publisher | World Health Organization (WHO) |
| Place Published | Geneva, Switzerland |
| Keywords | chemical treatment, economic aspects, filtration, heat treatment, household appliances, household hygiene, point-of-use treatment, sdiwat, sedimentation, social aspects, solar radiation, uebw, ultraviolet irradiation, water storage, water treatment |
| Abstract | This review considers methods and systems to protect water during storage, collection and use that improve microbial quality and thereby reduce pathogen exposure and risks of diarrheal and other waterborne diseases. It first discusses appropriate containers for safe household storage of collected water. This is followed by a review of the most promising and accessible household water treatment technologies: filtration with ceramic filters, chlorination with storage in an improved vessel, solar disinfection in clear bottles by the combined action of UV radiation and heat, thermal disinfection (pasteurization) in opaque vessels with sunlight from solar cookers or reflectors and combination systems employing chemical coagulation-flocculation, sedimentation, filtration and chlorination. Special attention is given to the treatment of turbid water. The need for behavioral, motivational, and economic support for household water treatment is stressed. The Hazard Analysis at Critical Control Points (HACCP) methodology, as part of a Water Safety Plan (WSP), is used to evaluate risks for each type of water storage vessel and treatment system. Summary tables are provided to compare the recommended household treatment technologies and candidate technologies to pre-treat turbid household water. |
| Notes | Bibliography: p. 58-70 |
| Custom 1 | 250 |
