Life-cycle costs in Ghana : functionality of rural water systems in Ghana

Rural water coverage has been increasing steadily but there are concerns with high levels of non-functional water point systems fitted with hand pumps.

The definition of coverage does not give any indication as to whether the system is functioning or not. Thus, even though increased coverage means that a lot of rural dwellers have been provided with water facilities, the reality of high levels of sub-standard functionality, including high frequency and long duration of breakdowns, means that water users experience poor and unreliable services. This is a clear indicator that increased rural water coverage does not necessarily result in an increased proportion of the rural residents enjoying sustainable water services.

This briefing note presents WASHCost Ghana findings on the functionality of boreholes fitted with hand pumps; the most common technology option used for providing rural water services in Ghana. It examines how payment for water services affects the functionality of the water system and demonstrates its resultant effects on water service levels.