Resources :: IRC

This paper hopes to stimulate who are interested and directly involved in environmental sanitation programmes. It is divided into case studies from...

Snel, M., 2015. WASH and disabilities in Bangladesh : how can WASH reach everyone forever?, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/irc_wash_and_disabilities_in_bangladesh.pdf.

Published on: 26/10/2015

Poster sharing initial conclusions and lessons so far from research on access to sanitation for the disabled in the Northern part of Bangladesh.

Mathew, K. et al., 2009. The sustainability and impact of school sanitation, water and hygiene education in Kerala, Southern India. Waterlines, 28(4), pp.275-292 ; 20 tab.; 4 photog.; 3 fig. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Mathew-2008-Sustainability.doc.

Published on: 17/02/2011

This study investigated sustainability and impact of school interventions for water, sanitation and hygiene education, four years after the end of...

Snel, M., 2015. Towards systemic change in urban sanitation, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC.

Published on: 16/09/2015

Power point presentation on paying more attention to the whole sanitation chain. Putting more focus on leadership for change. Putting more emphasis...

Kendall, L. & Snel, M., 2016. Looking at WASH in non-household settings : WASH away from the home information guide, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/literature_review_wash_away_from_home_web_0.pdf.

Published on: 07/10/2016

An information guide to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services in schools, health care facilities, the workplace, orphanages, prisons, refugee...

Snel, M., Bostoen, K., Biran, A. & IRC, 2015. Strengthening the role of WASH and disabilities in Bangladesh, (In: 38th WEDC International Conference, Loughborough University, UK, 2015) Loughborough, UK: Water, Engineering and Development Centre (WEDC), Loughborough University. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/snel-2222.pdf.

Published on: 20/10/2015

This paper presents the results of a baseline survey on disability-related problems on access and accessibility to sanitation in the BRAC WASH III...

J. Mulumba, N. et al., 2014. Striking the balance : what is the role of the public sector in sanitation as a service and as a business? IRC, ed. Waterlines, 33(3), pp.195-210.

Published on: 02/09/2014

Governments need to create an accountable and enabling environment for non-state entities that ensures they provide affordable, demand-driven...

Snel, M. & Verhoeven, J., 2016. Lessons learnt from WASH action research with practitioners in four countries : Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Ghana and Uganda, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC and WASH Alliance International. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/lessonslearnt_washalliance01.pdf.

Published on: 25/02/2016

This is the final report from the Action Research for Learning programme (2013–2015).

Carrasco, M., Dubé, A. & Snel, M., 2014. Vers un assainissement total perenne principales : conclusions de l’atelier Cotonou, 10, 11, 12 Novembre 2013, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/27012014_booklet_fr_0.pdf.

Published on: 03/06/2014

Cette brochure résume les principales conclusions tirées par les participants à l’atelier « Vers un assainissement total pérenne », le but étant de...

Carrasco, M., Dubé, A. & Snel, M., 2014. Towards sustainable total sanitation : key findings from the workshop, Cotonou, November 10, 11, 12, 2013, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/towards_total_sanitation_workshop_booklet_nov2013_0.pdf.

Published on: 29/09/2014

This booklet summarises the main conclusions from the "Towards sustainable total sanitation" workshop which took place in November 2013 in Benin....

Carrasco, M., Snel, M. & Dubé, A., 2014. "Towards total sanitation" workshop in Cotonou, Benin, Nov. 2013 - Proceedings, Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/benin_workshop_report_final_version.pdf.

Published on: 27/03/2014

This report gives the overall proceedings of the workshop, the list of participants, all the links to the various powerpoint presentations and...

Blankwaardt, B. et al., 2008. Local governance for basic urban services : country cases from Burkina Faso, Egypt and Sri Lanka 2003 - 2007, (Technical paper series / IRC no. 51) Delft, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Blankwaardt-2008-Local.pdf.

Published on: 19/03/2009

The Basic Urban Services (BUS) Initiative aims to strengthen the capacity of local authorities and their partners in dealing with access to basic...

Snel, M., 2011. Overview of key literature on community-led total sanitation and school-led total sanitation, The Hague, the Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/referencelist_clts_slts.pdf.

Published on: 06/02/2014

Snel, M. & Jacimovic, R., 2014. Turning CLTS Challenges into Opportunities for Success, The Hague: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/turning_clts_challenges_into_opportunities_for_success_final.docx.

Published on: 15/12/2014

This paper focuses on both the strengths and the challenges existing around Community Led-total Sanitation approach. This is done through the...

Snel, M.

Shordt, K. & Snel, M., 2002. Building institutional capacity for sanitation. , pp.p. 27-32 : 1 box, 4 fig., 2 tab. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Shordt-2002-Building.pdf.

Snel, M. & Kumar, M., 2000. School sanitation and hygiene education in Mysore District. , pp.p. 16-18 : 3 photogr. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Kumar-2000-School.pdf.

Bolt, E., Snel, M. & Postma, L., 2000. Challenges facing school sanitation and hygiene education from the perspective of the school teacher. , pp.p. 25-28 : 3 photogr. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Snel-2000-Challenges.pdf.

Snel, M., 2000. Sanitation innovation : overview of the literature on rural sanitation 1990-2000, Delft, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Snel-2000-Sanitation.doc.

Snel, M., 1999. Community composting and vermiculture. , pp.p. 28-31. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/APPROPRIATE-TECHNOLOGY-VOL.26-NO.2-P.28-31-COMMUNITY.pdf.

Snel, M. & Ali, M., 1999. Lessons from community-based initiatives in solid waste, (WELL study no. 99) London, UK: Water and Environmental Health at London and Loughborough (WELL). Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Ali-1999-Lessons.pdf.

Snel, M. & Ali, M., 1999. Stakeholder analysis in local solid waste management schemes, (WELL study no. 69) London, UK: Water and Environmental Health at London and Loughborough (WELL). Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Snel-1999-Stakeholder.pdf.

Snel, M., 1999. An innovative community-based waste disposal scheme in Hyderabad. , pp.p. 198-201: 1 fig. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/822-INHY99-15486.PDF.

Snel, M., 1999. Integration of the formal and informal sector : waste disposal in Hyderabad, India. , pp.p. 27-29 : 2 boxes, 1 fig., 1 photogr. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Snel-1999-Integration.pdf.

Cotton, A., Snel, M. & Ali, M., 1999. The challenges ahead - solid waste management in the next millennium. , pp.p. 2-5 : 1 fig., 2 photogr., 1 tab. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Cotton-1999-Challenges.pdf.

Snel, M. & Smet, J.E.M., 2006. The value of environmental sanitation : case studies, (Occasional paper series / IRC no. 42) Delft, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Snel-2006-Value.pdf.

Snel, M., 2015. WASH and disabilities in Bangladesh : how can WASH reach everyone forever?, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/irc_wash_and_disabilities_in_bangladesh.pdf.

Mathew, K. et al., 2009. The sustainability and impact of school sanitation, water and hygiene education in Kerala, Southern India. Waterlines, 28(4), pp.275-292 ; 20 tab.; 4 photog.; 3 fig. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Mathew-2008-Sustainability.doc.

Snel, M., 2015. Towards systemic change in urban sanitation, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC.

Kendall, L. & Snel, M., 2016. Looking at WASH in non-household settings : WASH away from the home information guide, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/literature_review_wash_away_from_home_web_0.pdf.

J. Mulumba, N. et al., 2014. Striking the balance : what is the role of the public sector in sanitation as a service and as a business? IRC, ed. Waterlines, 33(3), pp.195-210.

Carrasco, M., Dubé, A. & Snel, M., 2014. Vers un assainissement total perenne principales : conclusions de l’atelier Cotonou, 10, 11, 12 Novembre 2013, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/27012014_booklet_fr_0.pdf.

Carrasco, M., Dubé, A. & Snel, M., 2014. Towards sustainable total sanitation : key findings from the workshop, Cotonou, November 10, 11, 12, 2013, The Hague, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/towards_total_sanitation_workshop_booklet_nov2013_0.pdf.

Carrasco, M., Snel, M. & Dubé, A., 2014. "Towards total sanitation" workshop in Cotonou, Benin, Nov. 2013 - Proceedings, Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/benin_workshop_report_final_version.pdf.

Blankwaardt, B. et al., 2008. Local governance for basic urban services : country cases from Burkina Faso, Egypt and Sri Lanka 2003 - 2007, (Technical paper series / IRC no. 51) Delft, The Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/Blankwaardt-2008-Local.pdf.

Snel, M., 2011. Overview of key literature on community-led total sanitation and school-led total sanitation, The Hague, the Netherlands: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/referencelist_clts_slts.pdf.

Snel, M. & Jacimovic, R., 2014. Turning CLTS Challenges into Opportunities for Success, The Hague: IRC. Available at: https://www.ircwash.org/sites/default/files/turning_clts_challenges_into_opportunities_for_success_final.docx.

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